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Kalinga Magha
Kalinga Magha (reigned 1215–1236), ((オリヤー語:କଳିଙ୍ଗ ମଘା ),(タミル語:கலிங்க மாகன்),(シンハラ語:කාලිංග මාඝ)) also known as Magha the Tyrant, is an invader who is remembered primarily for his aggressive conquest and Hindu fanaticism. He is identified as the founder of the Jaffna kingdom and first king of the Aryacakravarti dynasty. Kalinga Magha was a prince from the Kingdom of Kalinga which was in the Orissa state of modern India. His family was connected to the rulers of Ramanathapuram in Tamil Nadu. Kalinga Magha’s relatives of Ramanathapuram administered the famous temple of Rameswaram.〔T. Sabaratnam,''Sri Lankan Tamil Struggle, A journalist who reported the Sri Lankan ethnic crisis for over 50 years '', Chapter 4〕 He usurped the throne from Parakrama Pandyan of Polonnaruwa, in 1215. His reign saw the massive migration of native Sinhalese to the south and west of Sri Lanka, and into the mountainous interior, in a bid to escape his power. Magha was the last ruler to have his seat in the traditional northern seat of native power on the island, known as Rajarata; so comprehensive was his destruction of Sinhalese power in the north that all of the successor kingdoms to Rajarata existed primarily in the south of the island.
==Invasion and Reign==
Kalinga Magha landed in Karainagar in 1215 AD with a large army of 24,000 soldiers mostly recruited from Chola and Pandyan territories. He camped his soldiers in Karainagar and Vallipuram and brought the Jaffna principality under his control. Kalinga Magha then marched to Polonnaruwa, defeated Parakrama Pandyan II and ruled it for 21 years. He was expelled from Polonnaruwa in 1236 and withdrew to Jaffna which he ruled till 1255.〔T. Sabaratnam,''Sri Lankan Tamil Struggle, A journalist who reported the Sri Lankan ethnic crisis for over 50 years '', Chapter 4〕
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